Christine Nikander
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Environment & Climate Impacts
What are the environmental impacts of mining critical materials, waste shipments, and (informally) recycling e-waste?
Air Pollution
What air pollution results from mining critical raw materials and (informally) recycling e-waste?0Mining-Related Deforestation
The mining and production of virgin gold, aluminium, iron, and copper can be linked to deforestation.1Soil Contamination
What soil contamination results from mining critical raw materials and (informally) recycling e-waste?0Water Use & Contamination
What water contamination results from mining critical raw materials and (informally) recycling e-waste?0Oceanic E-Waste
How much e-waste ends up in the oceans? What impacts does this have on marine species and environments?0E-Waste in Space
How much e-waste is there in space? Can we recycle space debris?1
Environment & Climate Impacts
Christine Nikander
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